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Gods, Goddesses and Mythology
|Mythology |Fertility Goddesses  Creation Goddesses| GODDESSES OF THE ZODIAC|4 fold Goddess|4 fold Goddess and your cycle|Protection Gods and Goddesses|List of Gods and Goddesses| Goddesses for the Elements |

Apollo | Artemis | Triple Goddess | Saule | Lilith | Bast | Isis | Hathor | Maat | Sekhmet | Anuket | Horus | Isis 2 | Ceres | Selene | Lilith 2 |Gaia |The fates| Helios | Selene #2Callisto | Atlas | Prometheus |Airmid |Airmid #2 |

Mythology (Submitted by Daye)  30/7/99

Roman --------- Greek --------- Major functions
Jupiter ------------- Zeus ------------ God of the sky; supreme god
Juno --------------- Hera ------------ Consort of the supreme god
Minerva ---------- Athene ----------- Goddess of Wisdom
Apollo ------------ Apollo ----------- God of healing, poetry and music
Diana ------------ Artemis ----------- Goddess of hunting
Ceres ------------ Demeter ---------- Goddess of crops
Bacchus --------- Dionysos ---------- God of wine
Mars -------------- Ares -------------- God of war
Venus --------- Aphrodite ----------- Goddess of love
Neptune ------- Poseidon ----------- God of the sea
Mercury -------- Hermes ------------ God of commerce; divine messenger
Vesta ----------- Hestia -------------- Goddess of the hearth
Liber ---------- Dionysos ------------ God of ecstasy and wine
Saturn --------- Kronos -------------- God of sowing and seed
Dis Pater ------- Hades --------------- God of the underworld
Faunus ---------- Pan ----------------- A god of the woodland
Cupid ------------ Eros ----------------- God of love; son of the Goddess of love
Vulcan -------- Hephaistos ------------- God of fire and forge
Aesculapius ---- Asklepios ------------ God of medicine
Castor & Pollux -- Castor and Polydeuces -- Divine sons of the Gods


SAULE -  The greatest goddess of the Baltic people - the Lithuanians and Latvians - was the shining sun, the sky weaver, the amber goddess Saule. She ruled all parts of life, from birth into her light to death when she welcomed souls into her apple tree in the west. Even the name of the ocean on which the Balts lived was hers, named for Balta Saulite ("darling
little white sun"). She was worshiped in songs and rituals that celebrated her nurturance of earth's life, for she was Our Mother, called various names like Saulite Mat ("little sun-mother") and Saulite Sudrabota ("little silver sun").

She was married in the springtime of creation to the moon man Menesis. Their first child was the earth; after that, countless children became the stars of heaven. Saule was a hardworking mother, leaving the house at dawn each day and driving her chariot across the sky until dusk. Menesis, however, was fickle and carefree, staying home all day and only sometimes
driving his moon-chariot.    The light of Saule's life was her daughter (variously named
Austrine, Valkyrine, and Barbelina, but most generally called Saules Meita, the sun's

daughter), the beloved lady of the morning star. Each evening, after she had bathed her weary horses in the Nemunas River, Saule looked for the child. But one evening she could not find her - for in her absence, Saule's beautiful long-haired daughter had been raped by Menesis.
Furious beyond words, Saule took a sword and slashed the moon's face, leaving the marks we see today. Then she banished him forever from her presence; thus, they are no longer seen together in the sky - the end of the happy paradise before the evil came into our world.

    Saule was worshiped every day when her people would bow to the east to greet Mother Sun. But she was especially honored on summer solstice, Ligo, when she rose crowned with a braid of red fern blossoms to dance on the hilltops in her silver shoes. At that moment, people dived into east-flowing streams to bathe themselves in her light. All the women donned
similar braided wreaths and walked through the fields, singing goddess songs, or daina. Finally, they gathered around bonfires and sang the night away. *sigh*  Because Lithuanian is the oldest extant Indo-European language, it is thought that the Baltic mythologies hold clues to the original beliefs of that people. But scholarly convention has it that the Indo-Europeans
worshiped a sky father embodied in the sun. Whence, then, this powerful sun mother? Marija Gimbutas, herself Lithuanian, believed Saule to be an Old European goddess of that woman-honoring culture that preceded the Indo-European invasions; Saule was too vital to her people, according to this theory, to give way to a male solar divinity. But sun goddesses in
other Indo-European areas show there is room for study.



Lilith  (Submitted by Chandralin 19/1/00)

The Uncontrolled Sexuality of Lilith

Although Lilith does not appear in any other Sumerian texts, she is represented in terracotta plaques roughly contemporaneous with the Inanna poems as a hybrid bird-woman, her sensuously modeled nude body contrasting awkwardly with powerful clawed feet. Guarded by the bird of wisdom, the owl, and the king of the beasts, the lion, she wears the stepped crown and holds the rod and ring of Sumerian royal authority, suggesting that she indeed was a figure to be reckoned with.

To understand Lilith's reputation as a sexual temptress, we must look to later Hebrew legend in which she first appears as Adam's intended wife. Insisting on equality in their relationship, she refuses to have sex with him in the conventional position because she is unwilling to lie
beneath him and runs away. Remaining forever outside human relationships or regulations, Lilith surfaces in medieval Hebrew esoteric tradition as a demonic creature, possessed by an insatiable sexuality. She holds dominion over all instinctual, natural beings. Discovering the roots of Lilith's bad reputation in this curious solo appearance in the Inanna cycle is cause for sober reflection on the origins of the notion of uncontrolled female sexuality as evil, already so forcibly expressed in the earliest written material of Western culture. Raphael Patai, the
expert on the Hebrew goddess, suggests that while a citizen of Sumer in the mid-third millenium may have "had very little in common" with an Eastern European Hasidic Jew in so far as the so-called "higher levels of religion were concerned, they would have readily recognized each other's beliefs about the pernicious machinations of Lilith...."

The hybrid bird-women, creatures of forboding, are well known in archaic Greek art and myths as sirens and harpies. Lilith is identified as the dark maiden and called "screech owl"  in a biblical passage from Isaiah. When we consider the prominent role of the Bird Goddess as Cosmic Creator in Old Europe, her reappearance as threatening female power is a telling example of the reversal of the symbol's meaning under patriarchy.

Once Lilith, like the Neolithic Bird Goddess, helped women in childbirth and nursed infants. In a seventh century BCE tablet inscribed with a prayer chanted by Assyrian women giving birth, Lilith appears as a winged sphinx. In medieval Jewish texts she becomes the dreaded demon who causes small children to die in their sleep.



Goddesses related to fertility and/or childbirth  (submitted by Erika, Beth and Amalthaea 29/1/00)

Nantosuelta(Celtic)
Ilmatar(Finnish)
Bast(Egyptian)
Artemis(Greek)
Arianrhod(Celtic)
Freyja(Norse)
Mari(Syrian)

Artemis(Greek) is  in charge of maternity.  She guards the child in the womb.
The greek goddess of fertility is Demeter

Inanna is a goddess who is present during childbirth, she is Summerian.



Bast  (Submitted by Violet 12/3/00)

The goddess Bastet was usually represented as a woman with the head of a domesticated
cat. However, up until 1000 BC she was portrayed as a lioness. Bastet was the daughter
of Re, the sun god. It may have been through him that she acquired her feline characteristics. When Re destroyed his enemy Apep, he was usually depicted as a cat. Asportrayed as a cat, she was connected with the moon (her son Khensu was the god of the moon). When shown as a lioness, she is associated with sunlight. Bastet was the goddess of fire, cats, of the home and pregnant women. According to one myth, she was the personification of the soul of Isis. She was also called the "Lady of the East". As such, her counterpart as "Lady of the West" was Sekhmet.

Bastet seemed to have two sides to her personality, docile and aggressive. Her docile and
gentle side was displayed in her duties as a protector of the home, and pregnant women.
Her aggressive and vicious nature was exposed in the accounts of battles in which the
pharaoh was said to have slaughtered the enemy as Bastet slaughtered her victims.
Her center of worship was in Bubastis (Per-Bast, Pa-Bast, Pibeseth, Tell-Basta), in the
eastern Delta. Her chief festivals were celebrated in April and May. Herodotus, the famous
Greek historian, provides the following description of one of the festivals: "When the Egyptians travel to Bubastis, they do so in this manner: men and women sail together, and in each boat there are many persons of both sexes.  Some of the women shake their rattles and some of the men blow their pipes during the whole journey, while others sing and clap their hands. If they pass a town on the way, some of the women land and shout and jeer at the local women, while others dance and create a disturbance. They do this at every town on the Nile. When they arrive at Bubastis, they begin the festival with great sacrifices, and on this
occasion, more wine is consumed than during the whole of the rest of the year."



Isis (Submitted by Violet 12/3/00)

Isis was the sister of Osiris (who was also her husband), Nephthys and Seth, the daughter
of Nut and Geb and the mother of Horus the Child. Isis is depicted as a woman wearing a vulture head-dress and the solar disk between a pair of horns (which is sometimes underneath the symbol of her name , the throne). Occasionally she wears the double-crowns of the North and the South with the feather of Ma'at, or a pair of ram's horns. Isis as a woman (not a goddess) is portrayed with the ordinary head-dress of a woman, but with the uraeus over her forehead. As the wife of Osiris, Isis assisted her husband during his earthly reign. In the Pyramid Texts, allusions are made that indicate that Isis foresaw her husband's murder. Following his death, Isis tirelessly searched for his body so that he may be properly buried and may rest in peace in the Underworld. Through her magic, she brought Osiris back to life so that he could impregnate her with their son Horus. Isis was a vital link between the gods and mankind. The pharaoh was her son, as the living Horus. In the Pyramid Texts the pharaoh suckles as Isis' divine breasts. There are numerous statues and imagery of Isis holding the young Horus in her lap. Often the images of the queen-mother and current pharaoh were styled in the same way. Isis protected Horus during his childhood from his uncle Seth who wished to murder him. It was her hole that he might one day grow up to avenge his father's murder. In the Book of the Dead, Isis is regarded as the giver of life and food to the dead. She may also be one of the judges of the dead. Another of her roles was to protect Imsety, one of
the four sons of Horus, as he guarded over the liver of the deceased. Isis was a great magician and is famous for the use of her magical skills. For example, she created the first cobra and used it's venomous bite to coerce Re into revealing his secret name.

From the beginning of Egypt's history to the end, Isis was the greatest goddess of Egypt.
She was the beneficial goddess and mother whose love encompassed every living creature.
Isis was also the purest example of the loving wife and mother and it was in this capacity
that the Egyptian people loved her the most. Her worship spread well beyond the borders of Egypt, as far away as England. The works of the classical writers identified her with Persephone, Tethys, Athene, etc, just as Osiris was associated with Hades, Dionysos and other foreign gods. In fact, the early Christians deferred some of her attributes to the Virgin
Mary. As a loving and protective mother, Isis appealed to the Eastern peoples who were
familiar with her cult. The images of Isis suckling the Horus child undoubtedly inspired the
multitude of icons showing the Madonna and Child



Hathor (submitted by Violet 12/3/00)

HATHOR (Hethert, Athyr)
Symbols: cow, lioness, falcon, cobra, hippopotamus, sistrum, musical instruments, drums,
pregnant women, mirrors, cosmetics.

Cult Center: Dendera.

The horned cow-goddess of love, she was also the deity of happiness, dance and music,
and a protector of women. She is depicted as a cow, as a woman with the head of a cow,
or as a woman with who wears the stylized cow-horns which hold in them the solar disk.
Her symbols also included the papyrus reed, the snake and a rattle called a sistrum. Early in Egyptian mythology she was known has Horus' mother (later Isis assumed this role). Proof of this is seen in her name, "Hathor" which means the "house of Horus". As the mother of Horus, the queen of Egypt was identified with her. This is natural, as the queen was the mother of the Pharaoh, the living Horus. Isis was often shown with cow-horns like Hathor's on her head when the artist wanted to emphasize her role as the mother of Horus.

It was said that when a child was born, Seven Hathors came to his bedside to announce his
fate. The Seven Hathors were believed to know the future and the moment of death for every Egyptian. A person's destiny depended on the hour of their death and the luck of ill-fortune was connected with it. It was believed that the Hathors would exchange a prince born to ill-fortune with a more fortunate child, therefore prtotecting the dynasty and the nation. The Hathors were shown as a group of young women playing tambourines and wearing the disk and horns of Hathor. During Ptolemaic times (when Greeks ruled over Egypt), they were identified with the Pleiades. In the Story of Re, she was created by her father Re as "Sekhmet" as a destroyer of men, who were disobedient to him. Later Re changed his mind, but even he could not stop her from killing men. He then disguised beer as blood and when Sekhmet became drunk, she could no longer kill and was known thereafter as Hathor, a goddess of love. Her cult was centered in Dendera where she was a goddess of fertility and
childbirth. In Thebes she was seen as a goddess of the dead, and the Greeks identified her
with Aphrodite (their goddess of love).



Maat  (Submitted by Violet 12/3/00)

MA'AT (Mayet)
Symbols: ostrich feather, scales,
Ma'at was the goddess of the physical and moral law of Egypt, of order and truth. She said
to be the wife of Thoth and had eight children with him. The most important of her children was Amon. These eight were the chief gods Hermopolis and according to the priests there, they created the earth and all that is in it. Ma'at is depicted in the form of a woman seated or standing. She holds the sceptre in one hand and the ankh in the other. A symbol of Ma'at was the ostrich feather and she is always shown wearing it in her hair. In some pictures she has a pair of wings attached to her arms. Occasionally she is shown as a woman with an ostrich feather for a head.

Another symbol of Ma'at is the primeval mound () upon which the creator god stood
at the beginning of time. It was when the world was created and chaos was eliminated that
the principles of Ma'at were set in place. The Egyptians believed that if the pharaoh ever
failed to live by and maintain ma'at that chaos would return to Egypt and the world and all
would be destroyed. Thus, the pharoahs of Egypt saw it as their cosmic role to uphold the
principles of Ma'at, and was due to Ma'at that the pharaohs had the authority to rule the
land. Amenhotep stated that ma'at was placed upon his breast by Amon himself.Akhenaten, the "heretic" king who was accused of deviating from her laws by his successors, repeatedly emphasized his adherance to Ma'at on many of his monuments. When the dead were judged, it is was the feather of Ma'at that their hearts were weighed against. If hearts of the deceased are as "light as a feather", they were granted eternal life in the Duat. The near-weightlessness of their hearts indicated that their souls were not burdened with sin and evil. If their hearts did not "measure up", the soul of the deceased was consumed by Ammut. This judgement occured in the "Hall of the Two Truths", Maaty. The last role of Ma'at was to help guide the Sun-god Re as he made his journey across the skies. It was she that determined the course that his boat took across the sky each day. It was sometimes said that she actually traveled in his boat with him, guiding its direction.



Sekhmet  (Submitted by Violet  12/3/00)

SEKHMET (Sekhet, Sakhmet, Nesert)
Symbols: lioness, cobra, Udjat (Eye of Horus)
Cult Center: Memphis
Myths: "the Story of Re" Sekhmet was the lioness-headed goddess of war and destruction. She was the sister and wife of Ptah. She was created by the fire of Re's eye. Re created her as a
weapon of vengence to destroy men for their wicked ways and disobedience to him (see
The Story of Re). Having once unleashed her powers for the destruction of mankind, the
Egyptians feared a repeat performance by Sekhmet. The Egyptian people developed an elaborate ritual in hopes she could be appeased. This ritual revolved around more than 700
statues of the goddess (such as the one to the left). The ancient Egyptian priests were required to perform a ritual before a different one of these statues each morning and each afternoon of every single day of every single year. Only by the strictest adherence to this never-ending
ritual could the ancient Egyptians be assured of their ability to placate Sekhmet. She is generally portrayed as a woman with the head of a lioness surmounted by the solar disk and the uraeus. The name "Sekhmet" comes from the root sekhem which means "to be strong, mighty, violent". She was identified with the goddess Bastet, and they were called the
Goddesses of the West (Sekhmet) and the East (Bastet). Both were shown with the heads of
lionesses although Bastet was said to wear green, while Sekhmet wore red.



Anuket  (Submitted by Violet 12/3/00)

ANQET (Anuket, Anukis)
Cult Center: Elephantine
Anqet was the goddess of the island of Sahal, near the First Cataract of the Nile. She was
shown as a woman who wears a crown of ostrich feathers. Her sacred animal was the
gazelle. She was the daughter of Satet, the wife of Khnemu. Together, the three deities
formed the Triad of Elephantine, the principal deities of that city.Anqet was originally a water goddess from Sudan. Her name meant, "to embrace" which was interpreted to mean that her embrace during the annual Nile floods fertilized the fields. Later, she became a goddess of lust, whose attributes and cult were obscene. However, her cult's origina can be traced back to the Old Kingdom. She is closely associated with Nubia. She is not an imported goddess though.  Her worship was common throughout northern Nubia and the center of her worship was the island of Sahal, near Aswan. There she was called the "Lady of Sahal" (Nebt Satet).
Anqet's temple at Sahal was called "Amen-heri-ab".



Horus  (Submitted by Violet  12/3/00)

HORUS (Hor, Heru, Her)

Symbols: hawk/falcon, bull, Double Crown, Winged Disk, Udjat, Sphinx, weapons, iron,
blacksmiths
Cult Center: Edfu, Buto and Heliopolis
Myths: Isis and Osiris The falcon-headed god, the kings of Egypt associated themselves with Horus. Horus was among the most important gods of Egypt, particularly because the Pharaoh was supposed to be his earthly embodiment. Kings would eventually take the name of Horus
as one of their own. At the same time, the Pharaohs were the followers of Re and so Horus became associated with the sun as well. To the people this solar deity became identified as the son of Osiris. Attempts to resolve the conflicts between these different gods in different parts
of Egypt resulted in at least fifteen distinct forms of Horus. They can be divided fairly easily into two groups, solar and Osirian, based on the parentage of the particular form of Horus. If he is said to be the son of Isis, he is Osirian; otherwise he is a solar deity. The solar Horus was called the son of Atum, or Re, or Geb and Nut variously. As Harsiesis, he is "Horus, the son of Isis". Horus was conceived magically by Isis following the murder of his father, Osiris. Horus was raised by his mother on the floating island of Chemmis near Buto. He was in constant danger from his evil uncle Seth but his mother protected him and he survived.

As a child, Horus was known as Harpokrates, "the infant Horus", and was portrayed as a
baby being suckled by Isis. He was said to be stunted from the waist down. This may be
because his father was dead when he was concieved or perhaps because he was born
prematurely. Harpokrates is pictured as a seated child sucking his thumb and having his
hair fashioned in a sidelock that symbolized his youth. On his head he wore the royal
crown and uraeus. In later times he was affiliated with the newborn sun. As Harmakhis, "Horus in the Horizon", he personified the rising sun and was associated with Khepera as a symbol of resurrection or eternal life.  Haroeris, "Horus the Elder", was one of the earliest forms of Horus and the patron deity of Upper (southern) Egypt. He was said to be the son, or sometimes the husband of Hathor. He was also the brother of Osiris and Seth. He became the conquerer of Seth (the patron of Lower Egypt) c. 3000 BCE when Upper Egypt conquered Lower Egypt and formed the united kingdom of Egypt. He was depicted as a falcon-headed man, sometimes wearing the crowns of Upper and Lower Egypt. Horus (the elder) had numerous wives and children, and his 'four sons' were grouped together and generally said to be born of Isis. The four were known as: Duamutef, Imsety, Hapi and Qebehsenuef. They were born from a lotus flower and were solar gods associated with the creation. They were retrieved from the waters of Nun by Sobek on the orders of Re. It was believed that Anubis gave them the funerary duties of mummification, the Opening of the Mouth, the burial of Osiris and all men. Horus later made them protectors of the four cardinal points. In the Hall of Ma'at they sat on a lotus flower in front of Osiris. Most commonly, however, they were remembered as the protectors of the internal organs of the deceased. Each son protected an organ, and each son was protected by a goddess.  Horus Behdety was a form of Horus the Elder that was worshipped originally in the western Delta at Behdet. As the son and heir of Re, Behdety was a form of Horus that was assimilated into the Heliopolitan system of beliefs yet not completely identified with Re. Behdety was a defender of Re during his earthly kingship against Seth. He was usually portrayed as a winged sun-disk or as a falcon hovering over the Pharaoh during battles. When shown as a falcon-headed man wearing the double crown he carries a falcon-headed staff, the weapon he used to defeat Seth.



Isis  (Submitted by Elda  13/3/00)

Isis is viewed as the Goddess of Ten Thousand Names.  She is the Creation Goddess and is associated as the Mother of Creation.  Her mother, Nut, was the Goddess of the Sky/Stars and her father, Geb, the God of Earth. When she was born in Egypt, her name as Au Set (Auzit, Eset), which means "exceeding queen" or simply "spirit".

As the Lady of Ten Thousand Names, she grew into Isis Panthea, or Isis the All Goddess.  She was the moon and the mother of the sun; she was mourning wife and tender siser; she was the culture-bringer and health-giver.  She was the "throne".  She was a form of Hathor (of Hathor
a form of Her).   She was also Meri, goddess of the sea and Sochit, the"cornfield".

She promised her followers:  "You shall live in blessing, you shall live glorious in my protection; and when you have fulfilled your allotted span of life and descend to the underworld, there too you shall see me, as you see me now, shining.  And if you show yourself obedient to my divinity...you will know that I alone have permitted you to extend your life beyond the time allocated you by your destiny."

For those interested in learning more about Isis, read THE MYSTERIES OF ISIS by deTraci Regula.  Published by Llewelyn.



Ceres and Selene (Submitted by Obsidian 25/3/00)

Ceres: Roman; Goddess of the Harvest. A name which brings abundance and fertility.

Selene: Greek; Goddess of the full Moon and Solutions. Appeal to Selene to bring a logical answer to any problem. Unlike Diana, not a huntress or virgin.

Selene was a Moon Goddess and daughter of Hyperion and Theia, and sister of Helios (the Sun) and Eos (the Dawn). She was wooed and won by Zeus and by Pan. She also fell in love with Endymion and visited him nightly while he slept. (Zeus granted the mortal Endymion immortality on the condition that he remained eternally asleep.) She is also called Luna.



Lilith  (Submitted by Myrddyn 22/1/00)

The first mention of Lilith is sumero-babylonian. In fact, it wasn't exactly Lilith as an individual, but mesopotamian demons called "lilitu^", or sometimes "lilu" or "ardat-lili". Lilu is a male demon, and lilitu female. Lilitu seemed to be sterile female, trying to seduce husbands, fighting fertility, abducting children (-and even eating them). Lilith as a nocturnal devil monster appears in jewish tradition.

The most well known figure of Lilith, as Adam's first wife, is an interesting judeo-christian mythology : She is supposed to have been created by Yhwh, as an equal to Adam. But she wasn't submissive enough, and Adam complained about her. As she didn't want to be Adam's inferior,  she called the devil, who gave her wings, and she could fly away. Yhwh sent some angels to bring her back,  So she was exiled by Yhwh, and cursed : she was condamned to give birth to a lot of children, and see them die each day. To compensate this terrible fate, she got the power on every newborn human child until his eight day for a boy, her twentieth day for a girl. (note that the tradition says that certain medals can protect the children). Lilith is supposed to have got kids from Adam, which weren't cursed. She is also supposed to be Samael's mate. These legends aren't biblic, nor talmudic. They first appear in a kabalistic book from the early middle ages called "alphabet of Ben Sirah".

The fact that Lilith was a woman seeking independance, and claiming equality with man, she has been adopted as a goddess by a lot of modern women.



Gaia, The Great Earth Mother  (submitted by Keltie 29/1/00)

Gaia is the oldest known divine figure and represents the very life essence of the Planet. The Gaia Goddess is seen as our mother and mother of all life. Protector, Healer, Provider are all the various roles of Gaia. The Willendorf Goddess is seen as the primal form of her from over 20,000 years ago. Gaia is also seen as the creative Mother of life and is seen as a evolver of life. And it is in this light she is gaining a presence in the Goddess Culture. The Great Goddess is found on every continent and within every culture known to man.



GODDESSES OF THE ZODIAC  (Submitted by Beth 8/2/00)
Aries = Athena, The Morrigan, Minerva
Taurus = Hathor, Isis, Io, Venus, Selene
Gemini = Kali, Parvati, Tefnut, Leda
Cancer = Ix Chel, Ida, Senene, Luna
Leo = Arinna, Cybele, Neshto, Juno
Virgo = Kwan Yin, Bel, Inanna, Diana, Ishtar
Libra = Ishtar, Aphrodite, Dike, Themis
Scorpio = Pele, Tiamat, Ishara, Selket
Sagittarius = Artemis, Diana, Pingala
Capricorn = Awehai, Ida, Amalthea, Vesta
Aquarius = Mawu, Cybele, Sophia, Iris, Juno
Pisces = Nammu, Anuit, Aphrodite, Dione

Four Fold Goddess  (Submitted by Keltie 17/7/00)

In The Wiccan Mysteries by Raven Grimassi, Grimassi mentions that--in some traditions--instead of the Goddess having 3
"faces" (meaning Maiden, Mother, Crone), She is thought to have 4, Enchantress/Temptress being added to the other 3.

He mentions that the Maiden corresponds with the Waxing Crescent Moon, the Mother corresponds to the Full Moon, the Crone corresponds to the Waning Crescent Moon, and the Enchantress/Temptress corresponds to the New Moon.
 

I have also heard I have heard of 4 faces but they were Maiden/Mother/ Crone /Warrior
East = Maiden as she starts her journey  (water)
South = Mother who provides us with our grounding and base(earth)
West = Crone at the end of day, spiritual energies are at her peak (air)
North = Warrior watching over and protecting us (fire)



4 fold Goddess and your cycle  (Submitted by Violet 17/7/00)

Okay..The four-fold goddess is and always be a part of your menstrual cycle....this is how is fits in:-

Full Moon-Ovulation-Mother Phase

Waining Moon-Enchantress Phase

Dark Moon-Menstruation-Crone Phase

Waxing Moon-Vigin Phase



Fates  (Submitted by Beth 27/7/00)

In Greek mythology, three goddesses who controlled human life; also called the Moerae or Moirai. They were: Clotho, who spun the web of life; Lachesis, who measured its length; and Atropos, who cut it. The Roman Fates were the Parcae; the Germanic Fates were the NORNS.

The Daughters of Necessity

    The Goddess of Necessity, Themis, brought forth three lovely daughters, known as The Fates. All living things must eventually submit to these divine daughters of Zeus and Themis. Their names are: Clotho, Lachesis and Atropos.         Life is woven by Clotho, measured by Lachesis and finally, in a very
literal sense, the thread of life is cut by Atropos. They laugh at our feeble attempts to cheat them because they always prevail.  They are often confused with the Roman goddesses, the Morae.  The Fates
are mentioned in The Odyssey as the heavy Spinners.(The Odyssey, 07.097)



List Of Gods and Goddesses (Submitted by Rose 14/8/00)

 ACANTHA:
 A Greek spirit of the acanthus flower. She was once a nymph loved by the  sun-god and upon her death was transformed into the sun loving plant.

 AEGA:
 She was the sun's daughter and, like her sisters Circe and Pasiphae, a  hypnotically beautiful woman, so beautiful that when the earthborn  Titans attacked the gods of Olympus, the earth mother Gaea placed Aega  in a cave to hide her shimmering beauty.

 ALECTO:
 One of the three Furies. The Greek goddess of war and death.

 ALECTRONA:
 An early Greek goddess, daughter of the sun.

 AMPHITRITEA:
 Greek sea-goddess. Owner of the caves under the sea where she stored her  precious jewels.

 AMYMONE:
 One of the Danaids, she was an early earth goddess after whom a fountain was named.

 ANADYOMENE:
 She who rises from the waves," the sea-born Greek goddess of sexuality.

 ANANKE:
 A Greek personification of the abstraction 'necessity', or that force of  destiny perceived in most cultures as female.

 ANDROMEDA:
 Greek. Her name translates as "ruler of men" and "human sacrifice". Some  consider her to be a personification of the moon, constantly under siege  by the demon of darkness. She may have been a pre-Hellenic moon-goddess.

 ANESIDORA:
 "She sho sends up gifts" of food plants.

 ANIEROS:
 A Phrygian earth goddess much like Demeter who had a daughter,  Axiocersa.

 ANTHIEA:
 Another name for Hera meaning "flowering one."

 ANUBIS:
 Egypt. Guardian of Isis. Anubis is the son of the goddess of the dead,  Nephthys, by Osiris. Depicted as jackal-headed, or simply as the jackal  god. God of protection. Judge and protector (and comforter) of the dead  and therefore, god of the dead and of embalming. Protector of tombs.

 APHRODITE:
 Greek goddess of love and sexuality. The personification of physical  beauty.

 APIS:
 Passion, lust, emotions, desire. He is the Sacred Bull whose line  continued even when that of the Pharoahs failed.

 ARETE:
 The Greek goddess of justice, teacher of the hero Hercules. She has no  real legendary background.

 ARIADNE:
 Cretan goddess who was once worshipped exclusively by women. She was the  goddess of the underworld and of germination. A vegetation goddess.

 ARTEMIS:
 Greek virgin moon goddess. She was also the many breasted Artemis of  Ephesus, a semi human symbol of fecundity and she was the warlike  Artemis, goddess of the Amazons.

 ATALANTA:
 "The impassable one", a pre-Hellenic divinity of mountainous Arcadia.  She was probably originally the death-goddess whom no one can outrun.

 ATE:
 She was the Greek embodiment of folly, moral blindness, infatuation and  mischief.

 ATHANA LINDIA:
 Goddess of the City Lindos. She embodied the reproductive energies of  the harvest.

 ATHENE:
 Known as a Greek goddess but was originally a Minoan or Mycenaean  household goddess. She is the guardian ruler of the home. Goddess of  domestic crafts.

 BAST:
 Egyptian. Intuition, magick, animalistic mind. Bast has the head of a  cat and like a cat sees in the dark, She sees both the future and the  past. She is the keeper of secrets and hidden things and the Cat is Her  sacred animal.

 BAUBO:
 Greek goddess of belly laughter.

 CALLISTO:
 Pre-Hellenic goddess who was the personification of the force of  instinct.

 CARYA:
 Pre-Hellenic Walnut tree goddess

 CASTALIA:
 Goddess of artistic inspiration.

 CER:
 Greek goddess of violent death.

 CERNUNNOS (Kernunnos, or Cerunnos):
 Celtic. God of prosperity. His head is topped by a most attractive set  of antlers. God of nature, the hunt, and of the harvest. Horned God and  Consort of the Lady.

 CHARYBDIS:
 Goddess of the terrifying whirlpools of the sea.

 CHERA:
 The pre-Greek Great Goddess Hera in her third aspect, the old wise  woman.

 CHLOE:
 "Green," a name for Demeter.

 CLEONE:
 A pre-Hellenic water goddess.

 COTYS:
 Thracian goddess of sexuality.

 DA:
 May have been the original name of the earth mother Gaea.

 DAMIA:
 Another form of the corn goddess Demeter.

 DEMETER:
 Greek Earth mother and mother of grains. She is worshiped in fireless  sacrifices, demanding all offerings in their natural state. Honeycombs,  unspun wool, unpressed grapes, and uncooked grain were laid on her  altar.

 DIONE:
 Orignally an important goddess of inspiration and sexuatlity of  pre-Hellenic Greece.

 DORIS:
 Pre-Hellenic goddess of the waters.

 EILEITHYIA:
 An Aegean birth-goddess and a spinner who created life's thread.

EOS:
 The Greek goddess of Dawn.

 EUMENIDES:
 Known as the "kindly ones", they were the early Greek goddesses of the  underworld who pushed edible plants through the ground as gifts to  humanity.

 EUROPA:
 The "wide-eyed one", the moon-goddess after whom the subcontinent of  Europe is named. She was originally the mother goddess of Crete.

 EURYNOME:
 She is the most ancient of greek goddesses. She rose naked from the  primordial chaos and instantly began to dance; a dance that seperated  light from darkness and sea from sky.

 GAEA:
 In the beginning, the Greeks said, there was only one formless chaos:  light and dark, sea and land, blended in a shapeless pudding. Then chaos  settled into form, and that form was the huge Gaea, the deep-breasted  one, the earth.

 GALATEA:
 A minor Greek sea-goddess.

 GANYMEDA:
 Originally the goddess who served ambrosia and nectar at Olympian  Feasts.

 HARMONIA:
 Goddess of Unity. Daughter of Aphrodite (love) and Ares (war).

 HARPOCRATES:
 Innocence, faith, purity, youth. He is Horus the Child also known as the  "God of Silence".

 HATHOR:
 Protection, sustenance, motherhood. Hathor is the wife of Horus and her  name means "House of Horus". She is shown with the head of a cow because  she is the eternal mother and guardian of mothers.

 HEBE:
 A young spring goddess whose name translates "the downy one."

 HECATE:
 Queen of the night. The moon goddess in her dark form. She is the queen  of death and rules the magickal powers of regeneration.

 HEGEMONE:
 An ancient goddess of the soil.

 HERA:
 The goddess of women and their sexuality.

 HESTIA:
 A Greek hearth goddess symbolizing family unity.

 HIPPODAMIA:
 She was originally a goddess of pre-Hellenic Olympia honored annually in  secret rites of women.

 HOREPHOROS:
 Title of Demeter as bringer of favorable weather.

 HORUS:
 Attainment, fruition, man, humanity, the present as the fruits of the  past. Because he defeated Set who slew his father Osiris, Horus holds  the title "Avenger". Horus is a warrior, aggressive and dynamic. He is  the the God of Spring who vanquishes winter and avenges the Summer that  slain by winter.

 IASO:
 Greek goddess of healing.

 IDA:
 Goddess of nurturing energy.

 IRENE:
 Greek goddess of peace. She was worshipped with bloodless sacrifices.

 IRIS:
 The Greek rainbow goddess.

 ISIS:
 Egyptian. Manifestation, nature, law, ethics, love, solidification,  magick. Isis governs the forces of creation. She gives form to the
 formless and therefore rules over all processes of birth. Her name means  "throne" and She is the source of all creative power.

 KAKIA:
 The Greek goddess of vice.

 KARPOPHOROS:
 Lady of the wild things.

 KORE :
 Greek maiden goddess. She represents the youthful earth, the fresh  season of buds and flowers, and the fragrant breezes of springtime.

 MAIA:
 In Greece, she was the "grandmother," "midwife," or "wise-one".  Originally she was the goddess of the night sky.

 MALOPHOROS:
 Greek goddess of the underworld.

 MENTHA:
 Goddess of mint plants.

 METER:
 The oldest of Greek goddesses, her name means simply "mother" and  survives in the of Demeter.

 MNASA:
 Mycenaean goddess of memory.

 MNEMOSYNE:
 Greek goddess of memory.

 MOIRA:
 A Homeric goddess of fate.

 MORGAN:
 Celtic. Goddess of Water and Magick. She was also doubled with The Lady  of the Lake. (Though, this deity has different attributes, she might be  the same being as The Morrigan, below.)

THE MORRIGAN (Morrighan, or Morrigu) :
 (Irish) High Queen and goddess of the Tuatha Dé Danann. As Macha she  was goddess of war and fertility who could take the shape of a crow. As  Badb (Nechtan) she was the water-god whose sacred well was a source of  knowledge. As Neman (Nemhain) she was the goddess of war and battle.

 NEMAIN:
 Celtic. Goddess of panic.

 NEMESIS:
 Once a goddess who tormented those who broke the social rules that  Themis represented.

 NEPHTHYS:
 Egyptian. Fragmentation, dispersion, fermentation and disassociation.  She is the co-equal of Her sister Isis. Her name means "Lady of the  House". Nephthys rules over all breaking-up processes; she returns forms  to formlessness.

 ORTHIA:
 Artemis in Sparta was the "upright one" or "she who causes erections," a  thirsty goddess particularly pleased with blood and semen released by  the young male initiates whipped at her shrines.

 OSIRIS:
 Egypt. Brother-husband and mate of Isis. Brother of Seth and Nephthys. Father of Horus. God of the flood. King of the gods. God of the lower  world. God of agriculture, law and learning. Over-all God form including  vegetation and afterlife.

 PANDORA:
 A Greek goddess who was originally "rich in gifts", the "all-giver," the  earth in female form, endlessly producing food for people and animals.

 PERSE:
 "Light-bearer" or "destroyer". An early Greek moon goddess.

 PERSEPHONE (Proserpina):
 Greek. Daughter of Zeus and Demeter. Goddess of the Underworld, as well  as of the harvest. Wife of Hades, who abducted her.

 PITHO:
 Goddess of seduction and persuasion.

 POINE:
 Goddess of righteous punishment.

 PRAXIDIKE:
 Greek goddess of vengeance and enterprise who punishes evil actions and  rewards the good.

 RHEA:
 A Cretan goddess, the great mountain mother, the earth who gave birth to  the creatures of her wild and fruitful surface.

 SELENE:
 Greek full moon goddess.

 SOTHIS:
 Initiation (feminine), generation, growth. She is the Goddess of the Dog  Star, which heralded the flooding of the Nile by its appearance. She is  always nude for She keeps no secrets from her followers.

 SPES:
 An early Cretan goddess, she was the ruler of the underworld and of  death's cousin, sleep. Her plant was the poppy.

 TELPHASA:
 An early Greek goddess of light.

 TETHYS:
 The most ancient pre-Hellenic sea goddess.

 THEA:
 Pre-Hellenic goddess of light, mother of dawn and the luminaries.

 UR-HERU:
 Age, wisdom, responsibility, maturity. He is the Elder Horus.



God and Goddess info   (Submitted by Oakenbehr  10/9/00)

helios-sun god, very similar to apollo-said to ride across the sky in his chariot, and stable the horses at dusk when the moon begins her trek---i could be wrong, but something makes me think he was only a lesser god, as opposed to apollo being a greater god, he was only seen as a sun god, and didnt branch out into the other fields of the arts , music, poetry, healing, archery like Apollo,

selene-moon goddess---very big in middle east circles ( i hope im right there, but know she is definately a moon/lunar goddess)

callisto-she-bear goddess-aspect of athena/ orginally found in greek cults of the bear as callisto-athene/athene-callisto, wise, nurturing, retributive.

atlas is a titan doomed to hold the bowl of the sky on his shoulders, -refered to in the labors of hercules in his quest for the golden apples

prometheus-titan-(foresight)-gave fire to man, zeus became peeved with man havin the secret of fire, chained prometeus to a rock, n eagle( bird sacred to zeus flies along and tears out prometheus' liver on a daily basis--with grows back at night--generally viewed as liason in interceding with gods, fire, creativity



Airmid   (Submitted by Lapis 8/11/00)

A healing goddess of the Tuatha de Danann, goddess of medicinal plants and keeper of the spring that brings the dead back to life.
Airmed: She was a goddess of the Tuatha de Danaan, the most ancient deities of Ireland; like all of them, she had great magical powers. She wa the particular goddess of witchcraft and herb lore, for she knew the uses of every plant, knowledge gained at the death of her beloved brother Miach. She buried him with great mourning, and innumerable plants sprang from his grave. These were all the world's herbs, which instructed her in their use as she tended Miach's grav



Airmid (Airmed)

 Airmid was a goddess of the Tuatha de Danaan, daughter of Dian Cecht (god of medicine), and sister to Miach. She was the goddess of medicine, and of witchcraft and herb lore, for she knew the uses of every plant. She helps her father guard the secret Well of Healing. One myth: When Dian Cecht discovered his son,Miach, was a better physician than he was, he killed him. Airmid gathered the herbs that grew from Miach's grave and used them to cure illnesses. She had them arranged systematically
on her cloak, according to their usage. Her father overturned the cloak so that they were all mixed up, so that she, and humans,  would not learn the secret of immortality that was possible with their use.



Goddesses for the Elements:  (Submitted by Obsidian 28/11/00)
 
Greek Finnish Irish Roman NH SH
East = Artemis East = Kyllilli East = Eire East = Diana Air Air
South = Aphrodite South = South Daughter South = Morrigan South = Venus Fire Earth
West = Demeter West = Ilmatar Weat = Fodhla West = Juno Water Water
North = Hecate North = Kalma North = Banbha North = Nox Earth Fire

 East = Maiden, South = lover/warrior


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